John HOWLAND (203), born about 1592, Fenstanton, Huntingdonshire, England, died 23 Feb 1672, Rocky Nook, Kingston, MA, son of Henry HOWLAND (232) and Margaret (233). John Howland grew up in Fen- stanton, a town 9 miles NW of Cambridge on the old Roman Road. No baptismal record has been found but he was said to have been "above 80 years" when he died in 1672.

John Howland was a passenger on the Mayflower, which sailed from Plymouth, England, in the autumn of 1620. He was the indentured manservant of Mr. John Carver, a wealthy Londoner, who became the first governor of New Plimoth Colony in MA. On 11 Nov 1620, John Howland was the 13th man to sign the Mayflower Compact.

He was called by Governor William Bradford "a lusty younge man". During one of the severe autumn storms which hit during the voy- age, John Howland was washed overboard. In Governor Bradford's words "It pleased God that he caught hould of ye halliards which hunge over board, and rane out at length; yet he was held up ... and then with a boat hooke and other means got into ye ship again".

When they arrived in Plymouth, Governor Carver's family consisted of John Carver, his wife Kathrine, John Howland, Desire Minter, a man servant named Roger Wilder, a boy named Jasper More, a boy named William Latham, and an unnamed servant maid. When Eliza- beth Tilley's parents, John and Joan Tilley, and her uncle, Ed- ward Tilley, died the first winter, Elizabeth Tilley became part of the Carver household. Roger Wilder died the first winter. Governor Carver died a few months later, in April 1621, and his wife died in May 1621. Jaspar More died 6 Dec 1621 and the ser- vant maid died soon after. That left John Howland as the head of the household containing four people, including Elizabeth Tilley, Desire Minter and the boy, William Latham.

The early records of the Colony of New Plymouth contain an ac- count of the Division of Land in 1623 in which John Howland, as head of a household, received four acres "on the Southside of the brook to the woodward". He was on the Freeman list in 1633 but was head of one of 12 companies dividing livestock in 1627. He could have inherited Carver's money after Governor Carver died in the spring following their arrival in Plymouth. It has been said that John Howland immediately bought his freedom, but no record has survived.

In 1626 John Howland was one of the 42 colonists who assumed Phy- mouth Colony's debt of 1800 pounds owed to the Merchant Adventur- ers on London. In order to pay off this mortgage, a monopoly in the colony's trade was granted to William Bradford, Isaac Aller- ton and Myles Standish, who chose John Howland as one of their partners, or undertakers, in the project. Later, they estab- lished a trading post far to the northward, on the Kennebec Riv- er, at the present site of Augusta, Maine. John was put in charge of the trading post and a brisk trade developed there in beaver, otter and other furs gathered by the Indians. John's family may have spent some time with him in Maine, and some of his children may have been born there.

P Ch R: 1:144 held hands in ordination P Ch R: 1:147 "He was a good old disciple and had bin sometimes a magistrate here, a plaine-hearted christian" !SOURCE: John Howland of the Mayflower, V.1 Came on Mayflower as servant to John Carver. On 1633 freeman list. Will dated 29 May 1672, inventory 3 Mar 1672/3, mentions wife Elizabeth; oldest son John Howland; sons Jabez and Joseph; youngest son Isaac; daughters Desire Gorham, Hope Chipman, Eliza- beth Dickenson, Lydai Browne, Hannah Bosworth, and Ruth Cushman; and granddaughter Elizabeth Howland, daughter of his son John. !from Pioneers of Mass: "Signed Mayflower Compact; took an active part in the early explorations. Settled at Plymouth. Town offi- cer; a partner in the Trading Company of the Colony;Asst. or deputy almost continually. Prominent in the church, so that he "assisted in the imposition of hands" upon Rev. John Cotton, Jr. when he was ordained pastor 30 Jun 1669. He died "a profitable instrument of good; the last man that was left of those that came over in the ship called the May Flower that arrived at Plymouth." (Plym. Col. Rec. VII, 34) (copy of this in file) !have picture of stone per EPITAPHS OF BURIAL HILL by Kingman Here ended the Pil- girmage of John Howland and Elizabeth his wife. She was the dau'tr of Gov. Carver (this is a mistake) They arrived in the Mayflower Dec. 1620; they had 4 sons & 6 dau'trs from whom are descended a numerous posterity "1672 Efb'y 23d John Howland of Plymouth deceased, he lived to the age of 80 yr's. He was the last man that was left of those that came overin the Ship called the Mayflo wer that lived in Plymouth Ref to CHRISTENING: Stod- dard, Francis R., The Truth About the Pilgrims, Reprint, Balti- more, 1973, p 138. Ref to DEATH: Mayflower Descendants, 18:69; Roberts, Gary Boyd, Mayflower Source Records, Baltimore, 1986, p 548. Ref to BURIAL: Gravesite viewed August 20, 1994 by Patri- cia, Carol & Dale Fink.

The identity of this family is proved by the probate records of John's brother. Humphrey Howland, a draper, settled in St. Swithin's Parish in London. In his will written in London 28 May 1646 and proved 10 July 1646 by his second wife Anne, he mentions his brothers Arthur, John, and Henry and his sister Margaret, wife of Richard Phillips of Fenstanton, shoemaker, his "nephew" Simon Howland, and his "niece" Hannah Howland, Simon's sister. Additional information about John Howland's family is found in the intestate estate of another brother, George Howland who was a merchant of St. Dunstan's, East London. His estate was adminis- tered by his brother Humphrey Howland's wife, Anne, 11 July 1646. A Simon Howland was baptized in Fenstanton 19 Aug 1604 , called "son of Henrye" and was probably the Simon Howland who was ap- prenticed 19 March 1622 to Humphrey Howland, citizen and draper of London.

An original letter from a genealogist in England [Chester, Joseph L., "Pedigrees of the Families of Howland of Essex County, England and of Plymouth Mass.": London, 1879], in 1879, mentions "the extraordinary fact that I find the surname of Howland in no other county in England than Essex, and originally in no other locality in that county except at Newport and Wicken and their immediate vicinity. Wherever at later periods I have found How- lands in other counties, as Hertfordshire, Surrey, Berks, etc., I have invariably traced them back to Newport and Wicken. It is clear that several families of the name were living there contem- poraneously and equally so that they were all in some way con- nected...at the period of the birth of John Howland of the Mayflower, there were living then no less than five Howlands..." In two of these lines, the Howland name terminated in heiresses, one of whom, Elizabeth by name, bequeathed the Streatham Estates to her husband, the Duke of Bedford, who then acquired the addi- tional title of Baron Howland. John Howland of the Mayflower was born in 1592, the son of Henry Howland, of Fenstanton, Hunting- donshire (near Newport, County Essex). [Howland, William, Editor and Compiler), "The Howlands in America": The York Press Co., Govverneur, N. Y., 1939] He had at least four brothers: Arthur, George, Henry, and Humphrey. His brothers Arthur and Henry came to America [Ibid, and "Records of Plymouth Colony] about 1623/4 and later joined the Society of Friends. Early records reveal that Arthur, whose home was in Marshfield, was fined many times for "permitting of a Quaker's meeting in his house." When he re- fused to pay the fines, he was sent to jail. Henry was fined for entertaining Quakers, at the Court of March, 1658. In mid-At- lantic, during a violent storm, John Howland was almost drowned when a mountainous wave swept him overboard. Grasping a halyard which was trailing astern of the Mayflower, although at first he was several fathoms under water, he finally managed to haul him- self to the surface. He was then rescued, by means of a boathook along with the rope, etc. [Bradford, William, "History of Plimouth Plantation," 1912 ed., Massachusetts Historical Society, page 151.] By November 11, 1620, he had sufficiently recuperated from his oceanic adventure to be the thirteenth signer of the Mayflower Compact. And a few days later, December 6, he was one of the ten chosen to make the third exploration along the shore. On this occasion, they were attacked by the Indians at Eastham, Cape Cod. In Bradford's journal, we learn that the mast of the shallop broke during a sudden squall, and the sail was lost over- board. "The weather was very cold, and it froze so hard...the spray of the sea lighting on their coats, they were as if they had been glazed." [Ibid.] John Howland was one of Governor Carv- er's family. Both Governor Carver and his wife were among the fifty Pilgrims who died during the first few months of the strug- gle for survival at Plymouth. It is believed that John Howland inherited John Carver's estate, as the Carvers had no children of their own. About 1626, John Howland was one of those (including Bradford, Brewster, Standish, etc.) who assumed the Colony's debt to the Merchant Adventurer, 1800 pounds. At least as early as 1633-35, he was an Assistant or member of the Governor's Council, and from 1641 to 1670 was frequently a deputy or representative to the General Court. In 1634, he commanded the Pilgrim's Trad- ing Post at Kennebec (Maine). "The 23th of February 1672 Mr. John Howland senir of the Town of Plymouth Deceased; hee was a Godly man and an ancient professor in the wayes of Christ; hee lived untill he attained above eighty yeares in the world, hee was one of the first Comers into this land and proved a usefull Instrument of Good in his place & was the last man that was left of those that Came over in the shipp Called the May Flower, that lived in Plymouth; hee was with honor Intered att the Towne of Plymouth on the 25 of February 1672." SOURCE: Plymouth Colony vital Records, "The Mayflower Descendant" 18:69

Mayflower Passengers: Classified by Williston (in "Saints & Strangers," Williston, George F., New York, 1945, page 134) into four groups: 1) Saint 2) Stranger 3) Hired hand 4) Ser- vant Indentured Servants : "There was a fourth and much larger group sharply set off from all the others - the indentured ser- vants. These were not servants in our sense of the word. They were not housemaids, butlers, cooks, valets, or general flunkies to wait upon the personal needs of the Pilgrims. On the con- trary, they were brought along to do the heaviest kind of labor. They were to fell trees, hew timbers, build houses, clear fields and plough them, tend crops, gather the harvest, and do whatever their mas-ters ordered. During the period of their indenture, which usually ran for seven years, they were fed, clothed, and housed by their masters, but received no wages, being virtually slaves, and were frequently bought, sold, and hired out as such. "Eleven of the eighteen servants on board were strong young men, a sixth of the adult company. For the most part they belonged to the Leyden group, which suggests that if the Saints were poor, the Strangers were still poorer. "As befitted a man of his wealth, John Carver had four - for his wife, a boy and a maid; for himself, Roger Wilder and John Howland, "a lustie yonge man," who quickly made a name for himself at Plymouth. "The William Whites had two, as had the Winslows, one being George Soule of Eckington, Worcestershire, who was destined, like Howland, to rise to some prominence after he had served his time.

Saints & Strangers, page 136: "Then, suddenly, the weather changed as fierce storms came roaring out of the west. For days at a time it was impossible to carry a yard of sail, the ship drifting under bare poles with the helmsman desperately trying to hold her into the wind as she wallowed through mountainous seas which often had her lying on her beam-ends. The pounding of heavy seas opened up many seams in the deck and superstructure, letting cascades of icy water down upon the ill and frightened passengers curled up in their narrow bunks below. "Unable to en- dure it any longer in the stuffy hold, John Howland came on deck one day and was immediately swept overboard. The ship happened to be trailing some of the topsail halyards, and Howland managed to get hold of these and hang on 'though he was sundrie fadomes under water,' till he was pulled in with a boat hook. He was 'something ill with it, yet he lived many years after, and became a profitable member, both in church and commone wealthe.'"

Saints & Strangers, page 143: November 11, 1620 Signing of "The Compact" The covenant was first signed by those who had the right or had assumed the privilege of using the title of "Mr." - then pronounced "master" and often written so. Relatively the aristo- crats of the company, there were twelve of this group, with Saints and Strangers equally represented. John Carver, the most substantial and respectable among them, signed first. He was followed by Bradford, Winslow, Brewster, and Allerton. Then came Standish, Alden, Deacon Fuller, Christopher Martin, William Mullins, William White, Richard Warren, and Stephen Hopkins. Next, the "goodmen" were asked to sign. (Note: after these 12 signed, John Howland was the 13th to sign.) Only twenty-seven responded; several either declined or were ailing. Lastly, no doubt with the hope that it might make them take their prescribed loyalty more seriously, a few of the servants were invited or commanded to sign - Edward Dotey, Edward Leister, and two others [George Soule and John Howland]. The women were excluded, of course, for they were not free agents, being the legal chattels and servants of their lords - indentured for life, as it were.

Saints & Strangers, page 153: On December 6th, with Coffin at the tiller, eighteen men pushed off in the shallop to round the bay and have a look at "Thievish Harbor," or Plymouth, as it had been named by Captain John Smith six years previously. Ten of the Pilgrims had volunteered to go - of the Saints, Edward and John Tilley, Bradford, Winslow, and Governor Carver with his servant, John Howland; of the Strangers, Captain Standish, Richard Warren, and Stephen Hopkins with one of his servants, Edward Dotey. It was bitterly cold, with a stiff breeze blowing, and the spray whipping across the open boat cut like a knife and froze their clothes till they were "like coates of iron." Many were "sick unto death," Edward Tilley and the master gunner fainted with the cold, but they held to their course, sailing south past Corn Hill and swinging round a sandy point into what is now Wellfleet Bay.

Saints & Strangers, page 162: The other side of the street was left open for a time and used as part of the Pilgrims' corn- fields. But it was later staked off into lots. That at the foot of Fort Hill was given to Captain Standish so that he might quickly get to his post in time of danger. Just below, at the corner of the Street and the Highway, a large tract was reserved for the Governor's House. On the slope from the Highway to the beach were the plots of Stephen Hopkins, John Howland, and Deacon Samuel Fuller, the last of the edge of a high bank overlooking Plymouth Rock - Cole's Hill, as it came to be called for the pop- ular owner of the pleasant and often boisterous tavern that long stood there.

Saints & Strangers, pages 319-20: Contrary to popular belief, the Pilgrims never hanged a witch, leaving that to the better- schooled but more benighted men of Massachusetts. The wife of William Holmes, Standish's lieutenant, was likewise tried on com- plaint of one Dinah Sylvester. "What evidence have you of the fact?" the Sylvester woman was asked by the presiding magistrate, John Howland. "She appeared to me as a witch." "In what shape?" "In the shape of a bear, your honor." "How far off was the bear?" "About a stone's throw from the highway." "What manner of tail did the bear have?" "I could not tell, your honor, as his head was towards me." To discourage such nonsense, Dinah was fined =9C5 and whipped. And that was the end of witchcraft in the Old Colony, though the law against it long remained on the books.

Saints and Strangers, page 443: Howland, John (1592-1672) - of London "a plaine-hearted Christian" Evidently inherited Carver's estate and immediately bought his freedom; married Elizabeth Tilley, c. 1624; Purchaser, 1626; Undertaker, 1627-41; asst. gov- ernor, 1633-35, and probably 1629-32; in charge of Kennebec trad- ing post at time of Hocking murder, 1634; apparently held some- what to blame, for never again entrusted with public office; died Swansea; 9 children. SOURCE: Saints and Strangers, George F. Willison, Reynal & Hitchcock, New York, 1945.

ENGLISH RESEARCH Ever since McClure Meredith Howland discovered in 1937 [Howland Quarterly, Vol. 1, No. 3, January, 1937] that Pilgrim John How- land was a son of Henry Howland of Fen Stanton, Huntingdonshire, England, attempts have been made to find out more about the Hunt- ingdonshire Howlands and specifically to ascertain the names of Pilgrim John Howland's mother and grandparents. In 1948, Leon Clark Hills [Howland Quarterly, Vol. 14, No. 1, July, 1949] of Washington, D.C. reported that he had discovered in the parish records of Holy Trinity, Ely, Cambridgeshire, the marriage of a Henry Howland to Alice Ames [should be Ayres] on April 26, 1600 and the subsequent baptism of a son, John, January 16, 1602/3. Mr. Hills stated that further proof should be found before it was accepted that this is the same Henry Howland who lived in Fen- stanton. The year of birth of the John Howland of Ely is 10 years later than the accepted year of birth of John Howland of Plymouth who died "died 23 February 1672 and lived untill hee at- tained above eighty yeares in the world." [Mayflower Descendant, 18:49] The first time it is stated that Henry Howland of Fenstan- ton and Henry Howland of Ely are one and the same appears to be in Colonel Stoddard's book [Stoddard, Francis R., Truth About the Pilgrims (1952), page 138], although he is puzzled by the ten year discrepancy in birth dates. Recently our Society engaged Sir Anthony Wagner, Garter Principal King of Arms, to try to es- tablish the ancestry of Henry Howland of Fenstanton and, also, to determine whether he is the same Henry Howland who married Alice Ayres in Ely. Sir Anthony's conclusion is that they are two sep- arate families and that Henry Howland of Ely also appears on the Ely records as Henry Howlett. As far as can be determined at the present time, the Pilgrim John Howland's family in England is as follows: Henry Howland, of the Parish of Fenny (sic) Stanton, Huntingdonshire, yeoman, died at Fenstanton, 17 May 1635. His wife, Margaret, buried at Fenstanton, 31 July 1629. SOURCE: How- land Quarterly, 21-30, 1956, pages 6 &7.

From Gov. Wm. Bradford's History of Plimoth Plantation:: "In sundrie of these stormes the winds were so feirce, & ye seas so high, as they could not beare a knote of saile, but were forced to hull, for diverce days togither. And in one of them, as they thus lay at hull, in a mighty storme, a lustie yonge man (called John Howland) coming upon some occasion above ye grattings, was, with a seele of ye shipe throwne into (ye) sea; but it pleased God yt he caught hould of ye top-saile halliards, which hunge over board, & rane out at length; yet he held his hould (though he was sundrie fadomes under water) till he was hald up by ye same rope of ye brime of ye water, and then with a boat hooke and other means got into ye shipe againe, and his life was saved; and though he was something ill with it, yet he lived many years af- ter, and became a profitable member both in church & comone wealthe." SOURCE: The Bradford History, pp. 92-3, Comm. of Mass. ed. Wright & Potter, State Printers, Boston 1898; taken from A Chipman Genealogy, Chipman Historics, Norwell, Massachusetts, 1970.

Still another passenger nearly paid with his life for a "minor" disobedience. A dozen or so days into the storm, John Howland, the servant of John Carver, could no longer stand the stench of the crowded tween-decks. The captain, Elder Brewster, and his own master had each forbade any of them to go topside, but if he didn't get a breath of fresh air soon... Finally, he decided that he was going to get what he wanted, and so up he climbed and out onto the sea-swept main deck. It was like a nightmare outside! The seas around him were mountainous; he'd never seen anything like it - huge, boiling, gray-green waves lifting and tossing the small ship in their midst, dark clouds roiling the horizon, and the wind shrieking through the rigging - Howland shuddered, and it was not from the icy blast of "fresh air" that hit him. Just then, the ship seemed to literally drop out from beneath him - it was there, and then it wasn't - and the next thing he was falling... He hit the water, which was so cold that it was like being smashed between two huge blocks of ice. Instantly stunned, his last conscious act was to blindly reach out - and by God's grace, the ship at that moment was heeled so far over that the lines from her spars were trailing in the wa- ter. One of these happened to snake across his wrist, and he closed on it and instinctively hung on. According to the U.S. Navy, a man can stand immersion in the North Atlantic in November for about four minutes. There is no telling how long Howland was in the sea, how soon someone spotted him and raised the alarm. When they hauled him aboard he was blue, but he recovered, though he was sick for several days. And he never again stuck his head above deck, until he was invited to do so. SOURCE: Marshall, Pe- ter and Manuel, David, The Light and the Glory, Fleming H. Revell Company, Old Tappan, New Jersey, 1977, pages 117-8.

In 1626 John Howland became one of the forty-two colonists who assumed Plymouth Colony's debt of =9C1800 owed to the Mer- chant Adventurers of London. In order to pay off this mortgage, a monopoly in the Colony's trade was granted to William Bradford, Isaac Allerton and Myles Standish, who chose John Howland as one of their partners, or undertakers, in the project. Later they established a trading post far to the northward, on the Kennebec River, at the present site of Augusta, Maine. John was put in charge of the trading post and a brisk trade developed there in beaver, otter and other furs gathered by the Indians. John's family may have spent some time with him in Maine, and some of his children may have been born there. SOURCE: John Howland of the Mayflower, Vol. 1; White, Elizabeth Pearson, Picton Press, Camden, Maine, 1990, page 4.

HOWLAND, JOHN - The son of Henry Howland of Fenstanton, Huntingdonshire, John came to Plymouth on the 1620 Mayflower as a servant to John Carver. After the death of Carver, he rose rapidly as a leader in the colony. In 1627 he was the head of one of the twelve companies which divided the livestock, and he was one of the eight Plymouth Undertakers who assumed responsi- bility for the colony's debt to the Adventurers in return for certain monopoly trade privileges. He was on the 1633 freeman list, and by 1633, if not earlier, was an Assistant, being re- elected to this position in 1634 and 1635 (PCR, passim). In 1634 he was in charge of the colony trading outpost on the Kennebec River when Talbot and Hocking were killed (see text). He re- ceived a good number of land grants, was elected deputy for Ply- mouth, served on numerous special committees, and was an impor- tant lay leader of the Plymouth Church. The Reverend John Cotton related how at his own ordination as pastor of the church in 1669 "the aged mr John Howland was appointed by the chh to Joyne in imposition of hands" (Ply. Ch. Recs. 1:144). Howland died on 24 February 1672/73 in his eightieth year, and John Cotton noted his passing, "He was a good old disciple, & had bin sometime a magis- trate here, a plaine-hearted christian" (Ply. Ch. Recs. 1:147; see also Nathaniel Morton's eulogy in the text). John Howland married, probably ca. 1626, Elizabeth Tilley, q. v. In his will, dated 29 May 1672, inventory 3 March 1672/73, he mentioned his wife Elizabeth; oldest son John Howland; sons Jabez and Joseph; youngest son Isaac; daughters Desire Gorham, Hope Chipman, Eliza- beth Dickenson, Lydia Browne, Hannah Bosworth, and Ruth Cushman; and granddaughter Elizabeth Howland, daughter of his son John (MD 2:70). His widow Elizabeth, died at the home of her daughter Ly- dia Browne, wife of James, at Swansea on 21 December 1687, and in her will, dated 17 December 1686, proved 10 January 1687/88, she said she was seventy-nine years old, and mentioned her sons John, Joseph, Jabez, and Isaac' daughters Lydia Browne, Elizabeth Dick- enson, and Hannah Bosworth; son-in-law Mr. James Browne; and grandchildren James Browne, Jabez Browne, Dorothy Browne, Desire Cushman, Elizabeth Bursley, and Nathaniel the son of Joseph How- land (MD 3:54). Franklyn Howland, A Brief Genealogical and Bio- graphical History of Arthur, Henry, and John Howland and their Descendants...(New Bedford, Mass., 1885), contains many errors. It is debatable whether John Howland or John Alden has the great- est number of descendants living today, but certainly the number of both is high. Elizabeth Pearson White, former editor of the Mayflower Quarterly is compiling a comprehensive family history of the first five generations of John Howland's family. SOURCE: Plymouth Colony: Its History & People, 1620-1691, Stratton, Eu- gene Aubrey, Ancestry Publishing, Salt Lake City, Utah, 1986, pp. 311-12.

However, Plymouth Colony was never unaware that their nearby growing neighbor to the north [Massachusetts Bay Colony] held the power, and there was frequently a touch of arrogance on the part of the Bay Colony toward its smaller sister colony. A 1634 incident on the Kennebec River demonstrated the Bay Colony's assumption of power. The Bradford Patent gave Plymouth the right to settle or trade on the Kennebec River and to seize all per- sons, ships, and goods that might attempt to trade with the Indi- ans on the Kennebec. Plymouth set up a trading post there under John Howland. A trading ship from the Piscataqua settlement un- der John Hocking ignored repeated warnings from Howland's group that it had no right to be there. Howland ordered one of his men to cut the moorings of Hocking's ship so it would drift down the river. Hocking shot and killed the man, Moses Talbot, and one of Talbot's companions in turn shot and killed Hocking. SOURCE: Plymouth Colony: Its History & People, 1620-1691, Stratton, Eu- gene Aubrey, Ancestry Publishing, Salt Lake City, Utah, 1986 , page 43.

Sources: =F9 BIRTH DATE: Families of the Pilgrims, John Howland, Compliled by Hubert Kinney Shaw, Massachusetts Society of Mayflower Descendants, 1979., page 4 =F9 DEATH DATE, DEATH PLACE, BURIAL: Plymouth Colony Records, 1633-1689, William White Press, Boston, 1857; reprinted Genealogical Publishing Company, 1976., page 34 Gretchen and Dave Mills 1520 Avonrea Road San Marino, CA 91108-2309 818 799-6479 Married about 25 Mar 1623, Plymouth, Ply- mouth, MA, Elizabeth TILLEY (204), born about 30 Aug 1607, Hen- low, Huntingdonshire, England, died 21 Dec 1687, Swansea, Bris- tol, MA, daughter of John TILLEY (231) and Joan HURST (234).

Sources of information: @S58@; @S64@; @S68@.

Children of John HOWLAND and Elizabeth TILLEY:

1 Desire HOWLAND (180), born 1625, Plymouth, MA, died 13 Oct 1683, Barnstable, Barnstable, MA. Desire Howland was named after Desire Minter, who came over on the Mayflower with John and Kathrine Carver and lived in the household of John and Elizabeth Howland in 1623 before going back to England.

Ref to birth and death dates: FAMILIES OF THE PILGRIMS by John Howland, MAYFLOWER DESC. 1966

Desire was listed with her brother, John, in the Division of Cattle in Plymouth, 22 May 1627 (old style). Ref to BIRTH: Mayflower Descendants, 1:150; MD 10:66. Ref to MARRIAGE-SPOUSE: MD 5:175, 177. NOTE: 1st child born 2 Apr 1644. Ref to DEATH: MD 4:217; MD 5:72. Ref to PARENTS- SPOUSE: MAYFLOWER ANCESTRAL INDEX 18394.

She was also listed as being born ca. 1625.

per Mayflower records birth and death dates per FAMILIES OF THE PILGRIMS by John Howland, MAYFLOWER DESC. 1966 per JOHN HOWLAND OF THE MAYFLOWER, V 1 by Elizabeth P. White born @@ 1625/26 she was listed with her brother, John in the Divi- sion of Cattle in Plymouth, 22 May 1627 (date of her birth?) (see info on estate in above book) born 22 May 1627? or 1625? !BIRTH: Mayflower Descendants, 1:150; MD 10:66. !MAR- RIAGE- SPOUSE: MD 5:175, 177. NOTE: 1st child born 2 Apr 1644. !DEATH: MD 4:217; MD 5:72. !PARENTS-SPOUSE: MAYFLOWER ANCESTRAL INDEX 18394 .

"His [John Gorham's] widow, Desire, survived him for more than five years, dying after her father, John Howland, but before her mother, Elizabeth Tilley. Desire was mentioned in her father's will in 1672, but not by her mother in 1686. Desire's husband, Capt. John Gorham, died intestate. On 7 March 1675, Mistress Desire Gorum (sic) and her sons, James Gorum and John Gorum, were named as administrators of the estate. The court appointed estate of the youngest children until they came of age. The inventory, amounting to pounds 710-4-3, was taken 29 February 1675 and sworn to 7 March 1675. It included the dwelling house, barn, upland, meadow, tan vats, a bark mill, and two houses and tools 'belonging to the taning'. In the division of Capt. John Gorham's es- tate, dated Plymouth 7 March 1676/7, widow Desire Gorham re- ceived her dower thirds. Son James received 'the dwelling house he now lives in,' with the barn and half of the up- land. Son John Gorham received the tan vats, bark mill, tools, stock and the other half of the upland. Son Joseph was given forty acres of land next to Joseph Hallet's land, and some meadow. The rest of the estate was divided into five equal parts among the rest of the children, who were named as Jabez, Mercy, Lydia, Hannah and Shubael Gorum. Shubael was allotted pounds 50 for the costs of his educa- tion, in addition to receiving his share of the estate. Three married daughters, Desire, Temperance and Elizabeth, had already received pounds 40 each. If there should be an overplus, the married daughters wer to share equally with the other children, except that James, the eldest son, was to have a double share."

"The inventory of Desire'estate was dated 3 August 1683, more than two months before her death, 13 October 1683. On 5 March 1683/4, the Assistants of Plymouth Colony, Gov. Hinckley, Major Bradford, Deputy Gov. Mr. Freeman, Mr. Lothrop and Mr. Thacher, as James, John and Joseph Gorham, and with the consent of the sons-in-law, agreed that the el- dest son James would receive a double share, according to custom and the rest of the children, namely John, Joseph, Jabex, Shubael,Desire, Temperance, Elizabeth, deceased, Mer- cy, Lydia and Hannah, should have an equal portion. As Elizabeth had died, they agreed that her children, not names, 'should have an equal part that did belong to their mother.' " Married about 1643, Plymouth, Plymouth, MA, John GORHAM Capt. (179), born 28 Jan 1620, Benefield, Northamp- tonshire, England, died 5 Feb 1675, Swansea, Bristol, MA, son of Ralph GORHAM (209) and ? (508).

Sources of information: @S58@; Gorham Families of Yarmouth; @S64@; @S69@.

2 Hope HOWLAND (246), born 30 Aug 1629, Plymouth, Plymouth, MA, died 8 Jan 1683, Barnstable, Barnstable, MA. "The How- land's first home was on Summer Street where presumably Hope was born August 30, 1629. The family removed to the finer house which John Howland had built at Rocky Nook and first occupied in 1638."

She "died at the age of fifty four and was interred in the first cemetery laid out on Lothrop Hill. The headstone marking her grave is incised 'Here Lyeth Interred ye Body of MRS HOPE CHIPMAN wife of Elder John Chipman aged 54 years who changed this life for a better ye 8th of January 1683'." Married 13 Sep 1646, Plymouth, Plymouth, MA, Elder John CHIPMAN (529), born 2 Jun 1621, Dorchester, Dorsetshire, England, died 7 Apr 1708, Sandwich, MA, son of Thomas CHIP- MAN (570) and ? DERBY (571).

Sources of information: @S58@; @S91@; @S92@; @S79@; @S134@.

========================================================================= Information is from the FLED6PA database belonging to:

submitter: >Fleming, Barbara< email: >barbpretz@aol.com< street_1: >3245 Chadbourne Road< street_2: >< city: >Shaker Hts< state: >OH< zip: >44120< country: >USA< telephone: >(216)991-5232< remarks: ><

========================================================================= ========= Your original request follows ================================= > From catalog.doit.wisc.edu!crucius Sat May 9 02:27:40 1998 > Received: from catalog.doit.wisc.edu(src addr [144.92.124.144]) (535 bytes) by flattop.ProgCons.COM > via sendmail with P\:esmtp/D:aliases/T:pipe > (sender: <crucius@catalog.doit.wisc.edu>) > id <m0yY42l-004nkIC@flattop.ProgCons.COM> > for <report@genserv.com>; Sat, 9 May 1998 02:27:39 -0500 (CDT) > (Smail-3.2.0.96 1997-Jun-2 #1 built 1997-Nov-7) > Received: (from crucius@localhost) > by catalog.doit.wisc.edu (8.8.5/8.8.5) id CAA17580 > for report@genserv.com; Sat, 9 May 1998 02:36:41 -0500 > Date: Sat, 9 May 1998 02:36:41 -0500 > From: Jeff Crucius <crucius@catalog.doit.wisc.edu> > Message-Id: <199805090736.CAA17580@catalog.doit.wisc.edu> > To: report@genserv.com > > id: jc20621 > report: vitals > database: FLED6PA > indi: 203 > =========================================================================

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